Reaction paper “Shutter Island” Essay

â€Å"Shutter Island† is a movie that is not only dedicated to delivering flawless scenery and a storyline about a mental institution locked away with a deep, dark secret away from civilization, but instead, the majority of the film is actually a character study with Teddy Daniels as the main subject. Teddy Daniels has a troubled past that is reflected in flash backs and dream sequences. Teddy Daniels is now a U.S Marshall, but prior to that, he was a veteran of war, where he saw some of the most brutally horrific and mind-scarring scenes imaginable, the kind of things that could poison a man’s mind and leave him haunted by them for life. Teddy is also a â€Å"retired alcoholic† as one of the doctor’s at Ashecliffe Hospital reveals stating that it is plainly obvious that he used to drink. The subject of alcoholism is later elaborated on in a flashback scene where his late wife asks him why he drinks. It appears that Teddy is not only haunted by the toils o f war or his alcoholism, but also by the fact that a man who set fire to his home killed his wife and children. In short, Teddy’s life has been fuelled by mentally scarring events, that somehow lead him to Ashecliffe Hospital, in what he believes to be â€Å"fate† when he learns that the man who killed his family is actually a patient at the hospital; Andrew Laediss. Before long, Teddy soon learns of the corruption on the island. Peculiar experiments are being carried out. These are later revealed to be lobotomies, which are used in order to settle the criminally insane for good. When Teddy uncovers the â€Å"truth†, he tries to leave the island to no avail. This is when the twist starts to become evident. Teddy Daniels is not a U.S marshal at all, he is actually a patient at Ashecliffe Hospital, and he has been for several years. Mentally scarred by the issues in his life, which are revealed not only to be the toils of war, but also the fact that his wife also went insane and drowned their children, it was Daniels, actually revealed to be called Andrew Laediss, who killed his wife out of revenge. Throughout the film, Teddy suffers headaches. These headaches are actually from his withdrawals from his medication which he suffers when he creates his alternate personality and gives everyone â€Å"roles to play,† something that is also referenced earlier on in the film. Teddy Daniels is criminally insane  and he is permanently haunted by hi s past. He creates personalities for everyone at the hospital and he goes about his life pretending he is someone else as a method of â€Å"escapism† from reality. His story is incredible and the truth is actually hinted at throughout the film which will leave viewers simply needing to watch the film a second time because the hints are impossible to ignore once the twist is revealed. Needless to say. Leonardo DiCaprio plays the character to perfection and Teddy Daniels, still to this day, is undeniably one of the most in-depth, detailed and most developed film characters of the 2010 decade thus far. Leonardo DiCaprio as Edward â€Å"Teddy† Daniels Mark Ruffalo as Chuck Aule Ben Kingsley as Dr. John Cawley Max von Sydow as Dr. Jeremiah Naehring Michelle Williams as Dolores Chanal Emily Mortimer as Rachel Solando Patricia Clarkson as Dr. Rachel Solando Jackie Earle Haley as George Noyce Ted Levine as Warden John Carroll Lynch as Deputy Warden McPherson Elias Koteas as Andrew Laeddis Jill Larson as Old Manacled Woman Ken Cheeseman as Doctor 1 Ruby Jerins as Little Girl Robin Bartlett as Bridget Kearns Christopher Denham as Peter Breene Matthew Cowles as Ferry Boat Captain The ending of shutter Island seems ambiguous but to me it was pretty clear-cut. Teddy wakes up to the reality that he is actually Andrew Laedis, though he is warned by Dr. Cawley and Dr. Sheehan that he has regresses into his fantasy world before. However, Andrew is smart. When Dr. Sheehan sits with him on the steps that next morning, Andrew knows that the doctors and Warden are observing his behavior. The thing is, his guilt and pain are still so heavy that he knows he cannot live with them. Rather than live with  the knowledge of his pain, he chooses to pretend that he is still Teddy Daniels and let them lobotomize him, so that he can finally be free of his burden. That’s what the line to Dr. Sheehan about â€Å"living as a monster, or dying as a good man,’ means – Andrew would rather be mind-wiped as â€Å"Teddy Daniels† than live with the sins of Andrew Laeddis. Although little information is available to analyze Teddy based on his childhood he can be examined on many other elements of Sigmund Freud’s theories about the unconscious. While he is living in his fantasy life as an investigator on the island, his unconscious thoughts often appear in his dreams. He sees his wife come to him begging him to give up on his quest for Andrew because he will not like what he finds out and she doesn’t want him to get hurt. He also dreams of Rachel Solando coming to him with her children’s bloody bodies, asking him to assist her in disposing of them. As he holds the children’s bodies they come alive asking why he didn’t save them. This perfectly illustrates the psychoanalytic theory that dreams have two levels of content. The manifest content is that Teddy thinks the dreams come from the fact that he is missing his wife and just can’t accept her death and let her go and that the macabre feeling of the island is getting to him causing him to have nightmares of the insane woman he is investigating. It is later clear that the latent content of the dreams reveal the hidden meaning of his own experiences. In other words, there was no Rachel Solando. Teddy created her as a reflection of himself because Dolores was a manic depressive who drowned their children in a lake one day when he wasn’t home. When he returned and realized the tragic happenings there was nothing he could do, hence the nightmares of the children inquiring as to why he couldn’t save them. In his dreams she often walks to him soaking wet to which he asks her â€Å"Why are you all wet, baby?†. This phrase seems to haunt him because those are the first words he said to her when he came home that day she went crazy . Teddy feels personally responsible for their death because at the time he was an alcoholic and while he loved his wife, he refused to see her for who she really was and ended up killing her after discovering the children. In the dreams she tells him to give up because he is unable to cope with knowing the truth. This leads on to how Teddy distorts his reality to protect himself against his unbearable pain and guilt through the use of defense mechanisms. All of the memories of what really happened to Dolores  and the children become repressed and replaced with false illusions that his wife was wrongfully murdered and he re-created himself as a hero in order to cope. In accordance with this mechanism he suffers from post traumatic stress from which the disturbing memories indirectly begin to reveal themselves in his dreams. Dr. Sheehan who in his mind was his partner reveals that for they had decided to try an elaborate role-playing experiment in which they went along with all of Teddy (Andrew)’s delusions in an attempt to bring his mind back to the real world and thus save him from a brain lobotomy (a form of psychosurgery) which was forced to be their last resort. When the truth is first revealed Teddy’s initial reaction is to resort to the defense mechanism of denial. He refuses to accept that what they claim is what really happened and is insistent upon the fact that they have been dosing him with drugs in order to brainwash him and keep him from discovering the truth about the gruesome human experiments that have been taking place at the hospital. Projection is also used when he accuses the Doctor’s of making up this story about what happened to him in order to protect themselves. These are both attempts to rid his mind of the anxiety provoking stimuli that he is unable to accept has any association with what happened in his life. Even before the truth is revealed while Teddy still believes that he is a hero we see this anxiety shining through during his investigation at Shutter Island. When the hospital’s main psychologist makes a comment about Teddy refraining from alcohol and Teddy responds with a witty attack the doctor notes his â€Å"excellent use of defense mechanisms†. This may relate to his implicit memory because although Teddy at first does not have any suspicions about the realism of his own identity he seems to think that everyone else is out to get him which serves as unconscious memories influencing conscious behavior causing him to constantly be on defense about the intentions and actions of the people around him. When Teddy finally comes out of his stage of denial and accepts the truth, the doctors fear that he will relapse and go back into repression. It was noted that this had happened before with their other attempts to cure him. Teddy fakes falling back into that stage in ord er to save himself his dignity, he reveals his intentions by saying â€Å"which would be worse, to live as a monster or to die a good man?†. This lets us know that Dr. Sheehan’s cure proved effective, but Teddy would rather not live in that state of misery or try to  move on with his life knowing the shocking truth. Teddy Daniels also known as Andrew Laeddis is an extremely interesting character to study in terms of personality. Before his marriage to Dolores he probably could have been analyzed for completely different attributes; however the events in his life served as strong situational factors to shape the person he would turn into. Before it is realized that he is actually one of the criminally insane prisoners, Teddy could be described as smart, witty and independent. He stands up for himself even when he suspects that the majority of the island is involved with the conspiracy. After realizing the truth behind all of his actions it is clear that his life is relatable to many of Freud’s theories which are all used to aid him in â€Å"distorting reality to protect him against pain or threatening impulses arising from the id†. It is also very interesting that in his alternate reality he views himself as a good, innocent person who is looking to set bad things right. This could come from his unconscious knowledge that he committed a violent crime and wants to take all of the blame off himsel f by portraying himself as a hero. The warden of Ashecliffe Hospital makes an interesting point of reference to the dark side of Teddy’s personality and human nature in general by telling him â€Å"You’re as violent as they come. I know because I am as violent as they come. Don’t embarrass yourself by denying your own blood lust, son. Don’t embarrass me. If the constraints of society were removed, and I was all that stood between you and a meal, you’d crack my skull with a rock and eat my meaty parts†. Teddy killed his wife because he felt that after what she had done, it was the right thing to do and his alternate personality serves as a cover-up because he â€Å"should† feel guilty that the type of violence isn’t acceptable, no matter what Dolores had done to deserve it.

My Interpretation of Islamic Mysticism

Raised as a Christian, I were taught by my family to trust the conscience were Jesus would speak to me.   The intuition and the inner voice are other names used by people to describe the conscience.   All the same, the use of the conscience to guide oneself through life’s challenges as well as simple day to day affairs is based on the fact that Jesus were the Spirit of the Lord and the same Spirit resides in each one of us.   Bearing this in mind, none of us may truly go wrong.   Hence, I have never really believed in strict rules of the Lord to guide me to heaven.   Rather, I trust in the Spirit of the Lord or Jesus Christ who lives in me to guide me in all situations. Imam Birgivi’s mysticism, in addition to the religions of others, have never appealed to me for the reason that they teach strict rules to their followers.   Nevertheless, Birgivi’s chapter, â€Å"On Righteousness,† quotes many verses of the Qur’an which I appreciate just as much as I love the words of Jesus in the Gospels.   Divine words about the Garden are truly a message of hope for all people suffering from the stress of worldly existence.   Birgivi also writes extensively on fear of the Lord. Jesus Christ spoke of this fear as well, although the love of God must be balanced with fear in our emotional lives.   In other words, we cannot excessively fear and love the Lord at the same time.   Moreover, fear of the Lord is essential, especially for those who turn into murderers or terrorists.   Although I believe in freedom that the Spirit of the Lord entitles me to feel – I also believe that fear of the Lord should be an important part of our belief systems, seeing that this fear could keep people from destroying their own lives as well as the lives of others. Birgivi’s chapter, â€Å"On Identifying Evil,† once again leads me to turn to the Sprit of Jesus Christ within me.   Jesus knew when Satan tried to seduce him.   The Lord’s Prayer has taught me to request God to keep me away from temptations.   Jesus also taught his followers to struggle against the devil.   In particular, he taught the believers to shun the devil with their authority – the authority of the Spirit of the Lord.   Thus, I do not wish to fear the devil.   Birgivi writes that we must fear the influence of the devil’s suggestions.   But, I am not convinced by the idea of fearing the devil, seeing that Jesus Christ gave me power over the devil.   I would simply trust in warding off evil thoughts and keeping away from evildoing. Moreover, I would not like to focus on the kinds of doubts that Birgivi asks me to shun.   From everything that I have learned about Jesus Christ, I know that he had the clearest focus and clearest mind.   I would like to develop such a clear focus and mind, instead of thinking about the differences between good and evil suggestions.   I believe that these debates within the self would not allow me to live the life of freedom that the Spirit of the Lord has guided me to live.   Lastly, I am confident that my trust in the Lord should be strong enough to keep me away from evil as it is.   I do not need to learn about the difference between good and evil when the Spirit of the Lord within me is all good and without a trace of evil. References Birgivi, Imam. The Path of Muhammad: A Book on Islamic Morals and Ethics & The Last Will and Testament.         

Leadership And Change Management In Businesses Commerce Essay

Change is portion of every organisation. Every decennary informants autumn of a great organisation. The ground behind that is they were non ready to take portion in the alteration that was go oning around them ( D. Ambani laminitis, Chairman Reliance Group Ltd ) . Every organisation with different grounds has to take portion in alteration. The ground may differ from increasing market portion, traveling with the competition, altering with the society or can besides be in order to last in the market. Change is something that is a critical, compulsory and requires all direction maps, which are Planning, Organizing, Staffing, Directing, Co-ordinating, Reporting, and Budgeting ( by Henry Fayol 1937 ) . 1.2: – Why do we necessitate alter direction? It is really of import to reply the inquiry why do we necessitate alter direction? Change direction has attributes rather similar to Organizational Development. Than why is at that place a demand to develop a new profession? Answer is rather realistic as alteration direction is broader than OD in that it includes a broader scope of increasing human resource public presentation, development of information engineering Jelinek & A ; Litterer, 1988 ( hypertext transfer protocol: //ac.aua.am/gohar_grigoryan/Public/Fuller/273.pdf ) . Over the old ages many change direction theories and theoretical accounts have developed out of which there are some popular and widely used theories, there are no peculiar front-runner theories for deploying alteration, and it would surely be agreed that the whole construct is comparatively immature and developing. The whole construct is once more really situational and requires single attack based on the organisation and the alteration it wishes to undergo. But, one of the most popular and widely used alteration direction theory it the McKinsey ‘s 7S theoretical account, which can non merely be used as a alteration direction theory, but besides in instance of analyzing an organisation and its activities. 2. ‘Royal Mail ‘ Introduction 2.1 In Brief Royal Mail letters bestowed with the duty of presenting and roll uping stations from within the United Kingdom is a subordinate of Royal Mail Ltd, which besides manages the POST OFFICE & A ; PARCEL FORCE. Attained its separate individuality in the twelvemonth 1986 ( hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_mail ) , Royal Mail employees the staff up to 121,000, which exceeds the figure of staff in full Royal Mail Group ( hypertext transfer protocol: //news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8304722.stm ) . The poster industry in United Kingdom was dominated by the Royal Mail, by every bit much as 99 per centum of the local stations being managed by Royal Mail, which since 2005 has been confronting of all time increasing competition. Technological promotion is another external issue the has reduced the possible market size as The Royal Mail posts 9 million less letters than what it used to in the twelvemonth 2005 ( hypertext transfer protocol: //news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8304722.stm ) , as more and more concern organisations and persons depend upon E-mails and assorted IT based formats to pass on. 3: – The Issues of alteration The direction has been confronting rather serious functional and survival issues in past few old ages. The organisation is non executing good in the profitableness standards, as the figure mentioned below will turn out that the direction has serious functional issues to be sorted out to do the operation more effectual. Ever increasing shortage in its pension financess has made the direction to rethink its bing policies and increase its net income to make full the shortage, and in order to run into the market demand and compete with the challengers on similar evidences the direction has to bring on its operation with modern engineering and do their operations more effectual. 3.1: – Decreasing Net incomes Royal Mail faced serious functional issues, which made its operation suffer losingss up to ?279 million in the fiscal twelvemonth of 2007 ( hypertext transfer protocol: //news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/7417634.stm ) . It faced serious issues associating to its traditional methods of screening and delivering, which were critically evaluated to be the premier cause of its losingss. The direction decided to bring on their premier operations which involved sorting and presenting mails with engineering, in signifier of modernisation policy to do the operation and finally the operation of organisation more profitable. The losingss were so terrible that the proposal was passed in the hosiery of common to sell the major interest of Royal Mail to do privatize its operation ( hypertext transfer protocol: //news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8426538.stm ) . 3. 2: – Increasing Competent Competition After the liberalisation of UK postal services in the twelvemonth 2005, the competition that royal mail faced were of all time increasing. A really good illustration was confronted to the direction when they lost the contract of 8 million lbs to present the 2nd category mail of Amazon Book a really popular cyberspace shopping site ( hypertext transfer protocol: //news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/6252202.stm ) . The direction found out that most of its rivals used high-tech machinery for screening and administering doing them more efficient and therefore deriving the trusts of the clients, and that they are falling behind as they have non been able to overhaul ( hypertext transfer protocol: //news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/6768983.stm ) . Therefore, 2nd most of import issue necessitating the direction to do critical technological alterations called for a modernisation policy. 3.3: – Decrease in Market Research conducted by the BBC shows that Royal Mail delivers around 75 million stations everyday. It counts to 90 per centum of the UK ‘s market. The figure might look excessive, but is cut downing at an dismaying rate of 10 per centum every twelvemonth. Plus a crisp addition in figure of cyberspace users have reduced the market of Royal Mail, around 70 per centum of places in UK usage Internet and around 87percent of them send electronic mails ( hypertext transfer protocol: //news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8304722.stm ) . This decrease in the market shows that the direction needs to be really efficient in their operations. 3. 4: – Pension Fund Deficit An estimation from the similar research mentioned above shows that royal mail besides faces serious issues in pension fund shortages, which has amounted around ?8 billion ( hypertext transfer protocol: //news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8304722.stm ) , These issues forced the direction to travel things otherwise, and to come up with a policy that make their operations more profitable, and the could vouch their endurance and being as UK taking mail administering organisation. 4: – The Modernization Policy of Royal Mail It is really clear, that a stringent policy was required to undertake all the issue ( mentioned supra ) that direction faced and to prolong in long tally, the direction did the exact thing by bordering a modernisation policy, which could be called as a type of procedure alteration by Pull offing alteration and passage Harvard Business Essential. The policy required the direction to bring on extra finance of around 1.2 billion in modern machine. Modern machinery meant that estimated 40,000 employees will free their occupations ( hypertext transfer protocol: //news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8304722.stm ) , and the policy besides focused on altering the agenda of the employee, to do their labour hr direction more effectual. The purpose of modernisation policy was to undertake and startle Royal mail working against all the above mentioned issues. The inducement of excess finance for machinery would intend that the operation of mail would be more effectual, speedier and able to vie with the increasing and competent competition. The decrease in staff would ensue into cost effectual operations and therefore increasing its net income and ensuing into lessening in its pension fund shortages. 5: – Resistance to the ‘Modernization Policy ‘ The framing of policy was such that would make obvious opposition from the staff/union. The policy execution estimated around 40,000 occupation cuts, which increased to around 63,000 in the twelvemonth 2010 ( hypertext transfer protocol: //news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8339201.stm ) and could farther increase harmonizing to the CWU ( Communication Workers Union, which represented the Staff of Royal Mail ) . The Union agreed with direction on the staff decrease for endurance, but disagreed on the gait of occupation cuts and the wage rise issues. It would be undue towards the direction if I said that they failed to follow the alteration direction theory, of McKinsey ‘s seven ‘S ‘ . The information shows that they prepared and coordinated all the seven ‘S ‘ within their organisation, including the staff for the alteration they wanted to implement by subscribing a contract in 2007 with the CWU saying their consent to implement the modernisation policy ( hypertext transfer protocol: //news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/7038899.stm ) . 5. 1: – ‘Royal Mail Industrial Dispute ‘ A confrontation and consent with CWU gave a spell to the alteration policy to be implemented, and the execution began in the twelvemonth 2008 all around UK, but when the same reached London, as per the fright of CWU the occupation loss had already reached the outlook as mentioned above and it could no longer digest ignorance of staff over implementing the policy. Demanding a clearer image and direct engagement in the execution of the 2nd stage of the alteration policy the brotherhood showed agitation in the twelvemonth 2009, and presented direction with below mentioned demands and a committedness from direction to be able to successfully implement their demands. Management were neither capable nor wishing to carry through their demand, i.e. Pay rise that would do their wage equal to the national norm ( which would be about 27 % ) . Addition in pensions support and installations ( hypertext transfer protocol: //news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/6252202.stm ) . The demand made by the CWU workers were non merely hideous, but merely non viably for the organisation to follow, ensuing in a series of national degree work stoppage by the CWU interrupting non merely the normal operation of the Royal Mail, but impeding the execution of its policy and badly impacting little concern in the UK ( who still rely on poster and having checks, etc, hypertext transfer protocol: //news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/london/8277206.stm ) . The work stoppages started from August 2009 ensuing into series of work stoppage boulder clay November 2009, and came on a clasp on history of Christmas ( hypertext transfer protocol: //news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8345643.stm ) . The impact of work stoppage can non be represented in figure, but the blow was to the public presentation of the companies as the little concern shifted to other courier suppliers to take attention of their mail. 6: – Harmonization between Management and the Union. On 8th March 2010, a study from the BBC conformed that direction of Royal Mail has successfully been able to carry the Union to assist implement the modernisation policy. Demands of Union were cohesively fitting underpinning the benefits of both the stakeholders. Management agreed to give a wage rise of 6.9 % over three old ages and an extra monitory fillip of ?1,400 to all full clip employees. In bends, the Union agreed to utilize the modern engineering in their sorting offices, and cut down their hours from 40 to 39 ( hypertext transfer protocol: //news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8556487.stm ) . 6. 1: – Too small excessively late The agitation and opposition with the brotherhood was dealt with but, the lone inquiry to be asked here was the trade clip effectual for the direction and the organisation? The national degree work stoppage started in center of 2009 and the common understanding between the direction and the staff was reached following twelvemonth in the month of March 2010. The inability of the direction to come on common evidences with the brotherhood at the very clip of execution can non be overseen. Every alteration has its ain opposition, that is were demand of alteration direction arises, direction has to calculate and happen out ways to undertake all the factors positive or negative to expeditiously implement alteration. 6. 2: – Failure to Manage McKinsey ‘s 7S My position on the Change / Modernization policy adopted by the direction of Royal Mail would be a failure. It certainly adopted with McKinsey ‘s 7S but surely failed to follow/ the theory. They wholly failed to convey the Staff together with all other S. Although the cost of it might be hard for me to turn out but, it is proved from a study by BBC that it hired 30,000 staff from bureau to run into with merely its regular demand in state of affairs of national degree work stoppages ( hypertext transfer protocol: //news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8339201.stm ) . This should hold increased the cost of Royal mails daily working, and the losingss it might hold incurred non being able to utilize the machinery it had invested ?1.2 billion in. This pandemonium in execution of alteration policy has made me understand that Timely execution of the alteration policy plays a critical function in its success. Royal Mail surely failed in implementing the alteration policy in a timely and efficient mode. 7: – Personal Deduction Every alteration policy has a station mortem study, I would measure the alteration policies execution of Royal Mail as a Failure and a most of import lesson to be taken away by improper execution of this policy is how of import the engagement of staff becomes in effectual execution of the alteration policy, and how an full organisation ‘s growing can be curtailed to failure merely by non being able to clearly facing and affecting one factor into its policy. 7.1: – Decision Effective leading is really of import for an organisation as it provides the vision for the organisation and all its stakeholders. ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.cipd.co.uk/subjects/corpstrtgy/changemmt/chngmgmt.htm? IsSrchRes=1 ) In instance of Royal Mail the direction clearly failed on below mentioned personally analyzed points It failed to be effectual leaders as they failed to supply the vision to the Union and hence the staff about the effects of the alteration and how many of them will be straight every bit good as indirectly affected by the existent execution of alteration. â€Å" When of all time human communities are forced to set to switching conditions hurting is of all time present † , John P. Kotter Leading Change, 1996, Pg 4, the direction in this instance clearly failed to tag these points and continued to come on alteration until it was met with rough opposition. Failures in pass oning for bargain in by John P. Kotter & A ; Deloitte Consultancy LLC 2002. The direction failed to pass on from bosom about the waies of alteration before get downing the enterprise of alteration. A failure can be associated with all the negatives and the ‘do n't ‘ but in my position these grounds could in brief amount up the alteration procedure / modernisation policy adopted by Royal Mail.

A Career in a Computer Science Field Research Paper

A Career in a Computer Science Field - Research Paper Example Therefore, he never found it hard to obtain employment. He had always prevailed upon me to study IT so that I can have a successful career but I had shown little interest in matters concerning technology and computer science. This trip opened my eyes as I really admired my uncle’s work place and I developed a desire to establish a career in information technology. Settling on computer science was not an automatic choice as I never knew that such a course exists. However, after my visit to my uncle at his work place developed the interest in IT and this drove my curiosity to understand more about IT and computer courses. I visited several institutes, colleagues and universities in search for an appropriate course in the area. Throughout this experience I settled on computer science after realizing that it was the best IT course that incorporates quite a number of parameters. I was also guided by the job market trends that indicated that computer science was inherently marketabl e and that I could earn myself a job very quickly after graduation (Dorsey et al 56). Above all I just liked working with computers and this added to my enthusiasm of settling on the IT course. The field of computer science involves a number of IT applications and is growing day by day making it necessary for professionals to update their knowledge on a regular basis, this is one of the reasons why this field is interesting. A job in computer science is a desire of many people because of the perks it offers along with the pride and glory that comes with working in the field. However, landing a job in the vast profession does not come easy as a number of requirements are prescribed in the process of joining the vocation (Lurie 23). A degree in computer science is a necessity for one to join the professional and graduate education is a minimum for a good start in the profession, though one can be employed with diploma in the same field but at a relatively lower pay. Academic qualifica tions and experience are required. Under normal circumstances, experience in computer science is an added advantage in the sense that people who have already worked in this field have a higher chance of getting hired at any given time (Jerome et al 34-43). This is because of the fact that people with experience are considered reliable because they posses practical knowledge of how things work in the expansive field. No company or firm wants to hire fresh graduates on priority basis because of the fact that fresh graduates lack practical experience and the company has to spend a lot of time, money and efforts in training them. To get a job in the computer science profession, candidates have to apply to the respective companies through written application letters. The letters include their academic qualification, relevant work experience, and interest in the job and career objectives among others. The company reviews the application letters before selecting the best among them for sho rt-listing. Once the company shortlists the candidates they selected, few are invited for interview sessions to determine their suitability. The interview process involves three sections; oral, written and practical. Through oral interview the candidates face a panel where they respond to questions touching on their suitability for the job. Written interviews involve the candidates completing a written test regarding their academic and professional competence. Last and most important is the practical test in which the candidates are required to exemplify their practical abilities through completing a task. The interview ends with the selection of the successful

AN INVESTIGATION OF INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL DISCLOSURE IN ANNUAL REPORTS Research Proposal

AN INVESTIGATION OF INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL DISCLOSURE IN ANNUAL REPORTS OF Saudi ARABIA FIRMS - Research Proposal Example Facilitating transformation in the traditional structure of annual reports might prove costly, and therefore the more pragmatic approach is to encourage voluntary IC disclosure in a company’s annual reports. Based on the structural framework and objectives of a company, disclosure depends on corporate governance decision. New approach adopted in presenting the annual reports to the readers should help stakeholders make proper value assessment through the company’s intellectual capital (Li et al., 2008:137). In order to meet the goal of profit maximization through enhanced performance, intellectual resources of an organization play an indispensable role. The problem faced is the paucity of IC related information in the annual reports of the four Saudi Arabian banks that have been selected for this paper. Since IC is not legally mandatory for inclusion in annual reports, this component is also considered as â€Å"unaccounted capital† (Abeysekera & Guthrie, 2005: 151). This paper will focus on intellectual capital disclosure in annual reports of Saudi Arabia firms. The necessity of IC information is steadily gaining importance from profit seeking perspective. While details about financial data and physical factors of products are easily available in annual reports of companies, there is now growing demand for disclosure of IC information (Vandemaele et al., 2005: 417). The objective of this paper is to learn how several banks in Saudi Arabia disclose intellectual capital in their annual reports. Further, this paper will explore the contribution of IC theory in the success and development of an organization. For the purpose of address the research objectives, the research question of this paper is â€Å"To what extent is intellectual capital is represented under different categories in the annual reports of Saudi Arabian banks?† The purpose is to learn how human capital is displayed in four

Gender discrimination and women's promotion in workplaces Research Paper

Gender discrimination and women's promotion in workplaces - Research Paper Example hrough participation in the civil rights movement and as advocates for the community based groups that grew up around that movement and President Johnson  War on Poverty. The ideas were an attempt to make sense out of the labor market problems as the people in these communities experienced them (or at least described their experiences) and to describe the labor market as these people saw it.  1. As Blau and Jusenius have pointed out, because structured internal labor markets treat workers as members of groups and tend to treat workers within these groups consistently, differentiation between women and men is likely to take the form of segregating women and men into different jobs, rather than paying them unequally for the same job.  17.  In general, in structured internal labor markets, all individuals in the same job are likely to be equally paid, except for performance or seniority differentials. This leaves open the reasons women and men are likely to be differentiated, but it does suggest that entry-level jobs are likely to be different for men and women and arranged in different job families so that segregation will be maintained throughout ones career in the firm. This is precisely what  Kelley  found. Beyond that, womens job ladders may be shorter, and other ways of maintaining differentiation in the firm may exist. For example, Osterman suggests that in a pu blishing firm he studied differential opportunity was maintained by keeping women in the lowest grade levels of various occupation groups.18.  Institutionally, that type of differentiation could be aided by placing women in job titles that differ from related jobs that men hold or possibly by locating them in different departments. Such observations suggest that the effects of internal labor markets differ for men and women, despite their emphasis on consistent rules. The rules of the game are neutral on their face but disparate in their impact. The rules may also differ in different parts of the

The Process of Parenting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Process of Parenting - Essay Example In fact, the punishment may be not related to mistakes done by the child. For instance, an example of punishment and discipline can be applied to distinguish both of them when a child does wrong things. In this case, of a four-year old child throws his or her crayons on the floor, punishment can be inflicted by telling them that they are undisciplined and slapping their fingers. On the other hand, discipline was be imposed by making them pick their crayons; in fact, there is a need to issue them an explanation that by throwing the crayons on the floor, they can get broken. In addition, the crayons should also be put out of their reach for a period. Erikson asserted that during this stage, children develop a sense of fundamental trust and their aptitude to influence events surrounding them. However, their development is based on the regularity, predictability and consistency, which leads to development of a sense of trust. On the other hand, a child also carries a fundamental sense of mistrust if they are subjected to a harsh and inconsistent, unreliable conditions (Doug & Clifton, 1995). Erikson claims that this is a stage involving development of a particular amount of independence or autonomy. Moreover, during their stage the children require support offered to avoid encountering of only failures and mockery. On the other hand, if children are criticized, over controlled or denied a chance to assert themselves, they develop a feeling of inadequacy, thereby becoming dependent upon others. In this case, they develop a low self-esteem, which is considered a sense of shame (Doug & Clifton, 1995). Erikson contends that children undergo frequent assertion, whereby they commence planning their activities and initiating these activities. Therefore, in this stage they get a chance to develop a sense of initiative and security through their ability to make decisions. On the other hand, if they are criticized and controlled, they develop a sense of guilt and

Foodmaster case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Foodmaster - Case Study Example The case study tries to analyze the issues faced by the company at the first instance. The company had experienced high growth in bossiness until 2007, when its sales has fallen from 60$ million to 48 million. Due to fall in sales, the profit of the company was also found to fall from 25$ million (2006) to 18 $ million (2007). The context of the case study will analyze the issues faced by the company after implicitly detailing about its internal and external business environment. In the latter half, the case study will enumerate some strategies and fallacies of marketing with the help of which the company would be able to overcome the challenges of its business and prosper amidst all competition in the long run. The Foodmaster Company was founded by a group of young businessmen in 1995. The company engages in providing dairy products and is based from Kazakhstan. Its founders critically analyzed that until 1995, diary product availability was limited in the country and products like yogurt was just not domestically produced in its market. In a country where dairy farming was traditionally and widely practiced, such scarcity of diary product production only signified that the segment was not exploited for commercial purpose. Hence, the inception of the company with dairy business was primarily undertaken to tap the unexploited dairy market in its domestic economy for the first instance. The company’s diary factor shop in the town of Issyk was the first yogurt producing factory of the country. Overtime, the company has significantly expanded its scale and scope of business operations. At present it owns 2 dairy farms, 4 factories and 16 retailing branches. It has now owned the prestig e of being the biggest dairy product producing company in Kazakhstan. The company produces a wide range of diversified dairy products to meet the requirements local demands of its domestic markets. Since 2004, the company has started to

Epidemiology exam Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Epidemiology exam - Essay Example The Odd's Ratio would provide the estimated risk of prior patients, however the relative risk is also assessed looking forward to new ones. Therefore, a Cohort works best here because the assessment is looked at in terms of the mothers habits affecting the child in a forward manner. Birth weight, however, can be affected by infection, lack of support, no neonatal care, previous abortions, previous preterm births and other confounding factors. Reduction of effects would be done by a complete and thorough history of the patients prior to entering the study. B: The question involves an investigation into whether people who have worked in the factory of a chemical company producing toxic chemicals are more likely to develop a specific lung disease. This is a retrospective study or case-control since we are analyzing only one disease plus we are looking backward at people that already worked or were involved in a process prior to Time A looking backward to Time B.

Assignment #2, Leadership Issue, Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Assignment #2, Leadership Issue, - Essay Example Even though unemployment problems and home prices are going high, many of the Americans do believe that Obama is trying his best to solve these problems. Many voters believe that Obama is the ideal candidate to lead America in this difficult period. In their opinion, the conditions could be worsened if anybody lese lead America during this period. On the other hand, according to Christopher Altchek (2012), â€Å"The more legal-oriented Obama is not equipped to deal with the rigors of the Great Recession, nor is he able to solve critical issues like unemployment or the nation’s mounting debt problems† (Altchek). It is a fact that unemployment problems are getting worsened as time goes on even though Obama is taking many steps to solve it. Drastic measures are necessary to solve America’s current problems. Obama is not ready to take drastic measures. Obama is trying to solve America’s problems with the help of economic theories and principles published through books. It should be noted that economic theories may not help always to solve practical problems. â€Å"Change† was the slogan put forward by Obama when he contested first time for the president post. Even though Obama has almost completed his first term in the president’s office, Americans do not feel any changes in political, economic or social circles. In other words, Obama has given false promises to the people and he failed to rise to the expectations of the people. Many people thought that Obama might declare an end to war on terror. it should not be forgotten that Obama criticized war on terror on many occasions before his election as president of America. However, after assuming president ship, he swallowed many of his earlier words and opinions. In other words, he failed to bring any political changes in America or in other parts of the world. Many of the foreign policies are imitations of the previous republican

Philosophy - epistemology Essay Example for Free

Philosophy epistemology Essay Descartes is very successful philosophers in 17th century. Rene Descartes is widely accepted as the father of modern philosophy. He tried to create fundamental philosophy for natural sciences. Descartes mainly focus on his philosophical contributions in the theory of knowledge and his famous work focus on the epistemological project, Meditations on First Philosophy. He wants to explain his thought in Meditations on First Philosophy which is as original in philosophical modus as in content. Meditations on First Philosophy examine Descartes’ arguments and opinion. Although there are 6 meditations in this book, this paper points out the search for a foundation of knowledge (the question of truth) and doubt the â€Å"Cogito† (I think; therefore I am). First of all, in the First Meditation, Descartes demonstrates that several arguments for doubting all of his previously basic beliefs. Everything that he thought is the doubt. He has started to doubt from everything and he wanted to find the question of truth with own ideas. Descartes defines knowledge in terms of doubt and he aims ‘to reach certain’. At the same time, we have to use five senses but Descartes believes the senses sometimes deceive us concerning things. Also Descartes is often convinced when he is dreaming that he is sensing real objects. For instance, he said that â€Å"There is the fact that I am here, seated by the fire, and attired in a dressing gown, having this paper in my hands and other similar matters. And how could I deny that these hands and this body are mine (†¦)† (146). Descartes believes that we can achieve certain truth when we will doubt everything. Descartes uses some question to help prove one of his main arguments and ideas to find truth. For example, how we know certain, what is true, what we see, what we hear? As we can see, according to Descartes, the senses are not enough to decide what is real. He believes the truth is in his mind and he must use his mind. Descartes’ Second Meditation discusses some parts. First part explain that how a body can understand things, such as objects. Descartes examined how the mind should know better that human body. Although we need senses for everything, the mind is more important because all knowledge accumulate in our mind. Second part includes Descartes opinion about thinking. According to Descartes, thinking is very significant point because thinking is the ability to doubt, use imagination and reach certain truth. His famous theory is â€Å"Cogito Ergo Sum† which called ‘I think, therefore I am’. Descartes said that, â€Å"I don’t yet know clearly enough what I am. † (151) It means that, sometimes he has convinced himself that there is absolutely nothing in the world such as no sky, no earth also no mind no body. Descartes believes that if people convinced themselves of something then they existed. To conclude, we can infer that Descartes defend the certain truth is our knowledge and thought. These meditations are considered about modern philosophy. At the same time, Descartes wants to create gripping subject to study science.

A Change of Heart Essay Example for Free

A Change of Heart Essay A Change of Heart I was only fourteen years old. The time had come for me to make a decision, to choose between two destinies. It was the time for me to decide whether I would maintain the plain look and keep my mom jeans, or whether I would ditch those loser jeans and go with the sleek skinny jeans. Though most people wouldn’t consider this a matter worth debating over, it reached the highest of my concerns. Knowing the knowledge that we live in a judgmental world, a place where people judge based on outward appearance, I went with the choice that was clear; I must invest in the skinnies. The mall was the place for a guy like me to be! After me and my brother arrived, we browsed a large variety of pants. Red, yellow, black, and white, the clothing stores contained many unique fashions and colors. The prices made everything easy: the higher the price, the better the product! Due to my brother, who has the fashion sense of a queen, I was bound for the looks of awesomeness. He would tell me what matches and what does not. I trusted him. After all, it was him that got me interested in this style! Now that I have this tremendous change of heart, there ain’t no going back. Never in a million years would I trade a pair of my tight-around-the-booty jeans for a yucky, bland pair of mom jeans like I used to have. I remain thankful for the fun tradition me and my brother have of broin’ out together at the mall and movies. The memories and knowledge I have gained goes higher than any mountain I’ve ever climbed.

Study Media Rather Than Consume It

Study Media Rather Than Consume It What is the media, why is it important to study the media and does it have an impact and can it change the way we think and behave? These are questions that are important in the study of the media industry. The media is a communication tool that is used to transfer messages to the general public. There are many types of media, for example the radio, television, newspapers and etc. Its important to be media literate as the media can be used to change and leave a lasting impact on an individual. The media is one of the most powerful tools that have been created. The media plays a vital role in an individuals perspective on political, economic and socio-cultural issues. According to Bazalgette Media studies open up your understanding of how things work, how people become informed or misinformed and how the myths and ideologies that govern all our lives are created and sustained. (Bazalgette, 2000). The media continually changes and evolves, the term media studies means different courses priorities different media; different theories and different learning outcomes (Bazalgette, 2000). Since this subject is still new there are a lot of disagreements on how media should be interpreted and it is also a hybrid subject as the idea that it came about comes from a variety of sources (Bazalgette, 2000). Media studies is also considered an academic discipline as it binds the different types of hybrid disciplines such as semiotics, structuralism, sociolinguistics and a lot more and th ere are no limits to an individual as how to analyze the media. The analysis of media is very important for this particular subject. Media studies are normally associated with the English language subject and also English Literature. However the difference is rather apparent and media studies courses uses economics, politics, psychology and sociology perspectives as ways to understand the media as well as requirements to consider texts from different contrasting perspectives. The English subject on the other hand, deals with reading and writing skills as well critical analysis. Bazalgette goes on to state that media studies are essentially political, it is political to ask questions like who owns a certain media and why (Bazalgette, 2000). This is known as media ownership, the individual consuming the media needs to have knowledge about who owns what media. Is it owned by an individual, a small firm or a large conglomeration? The understanding of what is studied and why it is studied is a very important topic in media studies. According to Bazalgetee there are five reasonings, the first is popularity. Why is there a certain game show, movie, song, or computer game studied more that another is simply because a lot if people like them (Bazalgetee,2000). This shows how audiences are manipulated and what the preferred media is. Second is exemplification, which means worthiness of study. It is characteristic of media studies that it tests and reviews its own theories, asking students to consider a range of examples and then to figure out not only the usefulness of a theory but also its limitations (Bazalgette, 2000). The third is notoriety, which helps us analyze media text in the contexts of social, political and culture. Most of these are controversial documentaries, movies or songs etc. The fourth is turning point, where selected text as stated in the previous point, can be significant without being notorio us. The final reason is aesthetic value, is a way of picking out important meanings from a text and making judgements. Important influences in media studies are self and experience in a mediated world. The self is seen as a product of the symbolic systems which precede it (Thompson, 1995). Identity and capacity to make sense of the world around us is said to be an outcome of a symbolic project. Controversies to how the media construct our personal lives and the role it plays as well as the views of the world about it (Thompson, 1995). Studying the media is also a very good way to understand the different jobs in the media industries and how these works are changing. The film and broadcasting industries have been predicted to face a shortage of skills it the time to come and therefore will be in need of people who are literate about the media As we have understood why its important to study the media, we also need to look at how the media is studied. There are two different schools of thought, one being American and the other European. Sinclair states that European and American theories are identified as application to media and communications. They are differences between these two and the European is characterized as interpretive and holistic in scope and American as empirical and micro (Sinclair, 2002). What this means is that we can study the media according to either the American way or the European way, but the outcome of the study would be different. The European way relays heavily interpretive and holistic in scope that is taking a macro-perspective, looking down on society on a whole (Sinclair, 2002). It exists most often in the sociopolitical stance of Marxists. This school of thought originated from the Frankfurt School, a group of Marxist based at Frankfurt in Germany, who had developed their critical theory. This theory is now usually called cultural Marxism or Western Marxism (Sinclair, 2002). Western Marxism is said to incorporate semiology and structuralism in the media and Ideological Critique argues that the media induce misunderstanding (Sinclair, 2002). The British were seeking to reconcile traditional British Marxism, which had little conception of culture at all with a theoretical critique of the media (Sinclair, 2002). In 1960 the University of Birmingham established a Center for Contemporary Cultural Studies and taught a combination of literary criticism and Marxist sociology. The Birmingham School emphasized the significance of media images and representations within the context of social and political conflicts. Political Economy studies the production and distribution of media content, It does not argue that media content under capitalism is ideological but somehow had assume that audiences fall under the ideological influence. The American way is of direct observation and controlled measurable occurrences. The American Empiricism defines content analysis as a systematic and quantifiable method to describe and analyze the meaning of the media messages (Sinclair, 2002). Harold Lesswell (1948) said that a convenient way to describe communication is to answer these questions, who, says what, through which channel, to whom, with what effect? Through this model we can study the way messages are transferred and to whom. Textual analysis is a way of gathering and analyzing information in academic research, it is also a way to approach media texts to try to understand their meanings (McKee, 2001). Content analysis breaks down the components of a program or newspaper into units which you are able to count them and replicates can be done. Semiotic analysis on the other hand, breaks down different elements of a text and labels them. In media studies, there is never a claim to whether a text is an accurate or inaccurate representation of reality. This means there is never a single correct way of any text (McKee, 2001). The text is likely to be interpreted through genre, the different codes producers and audiences communicated with and context, which is divide into 3 levels, the rest of the text, the genre of the text, the winder public context in which a text is circulated (McKee, 2001). Since there is no correct way of interpreting a text we need to learn how to understand media text and the world of rea lity. One way is by understanding the elements of language and culture, the form and context that shape the meanings that are available to us.

Using The Mother As A Model In Meditation :: essays research papers

I feel that using the mother as a model in meditation fascinating because one can Personalize their own experience by visualizing his/her own mother and in effect, associate inner emotion & raw compassion for the one who created and protected them. I also thought that the realization of immense inapplicable rebirths, that everyone has been everyone’s mother in a sense, is a powerful tool towards introducing compassion for all beings. Just understanding the respectful nature of this compassion in general is a basic fundamental towards what the second Dally Lama, Gendun Gyatso calls ‘giving and taking’. It (‘giving and taking’) has many phases, and taking responsibility, and feeling empathy, towards all things is essential throughout. First one pictures his/her own mother personalized in his/her own frame of reference and associates the compassion of his/her mother towards other people close, like friends, family and pets by ‘giving and taking’. The second level of this concentration of the mind is feeling compassion for his/her enemy and even strangers he or she has never ever met. The next stage of this meditation is of course having compassion for all beings through compassion for the sake of helping other people to fulfill enlightenment.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I should mention that anyone who wishes to practice the meditation of ‘giving and taking’ must have the self control and discipline attained by more basic meditations, for example 'mindfulness of breath'. With out such discipline, his/her mind may easily be swayed by any various stimulation that ‘giving and taking’ may evoke.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I thought it was interesting the book said that realizing the love of my Mother is indirectly responsible for who I am today, and here I sit writing and studying the holy practice of Dharma. And here I am appreciating my good fortune. And of course stay away from the negative and strive towards the positive for all, eliminate the harmful and to produce and encourage happiness towards all.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I also want to add some positive criticism towards the excerpt ‘How to Meditate upon the Ultimate Bodhi-Mind’, on page 163 of ‘Entering the Stream’.

My Personal Strengths and Weaknesses Essay -- Personal Narrative Essays

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I believe that life is a learning experience and being able to recognize our own strengths and weaknesses can help us become better individuals in anything we choose to do, whether it is positive abilities and skills that can help achieve our goals or negative personal areas that need improvement. Knowing yourself and what you can do, can help you recognize and overcome your weaknesses.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One of my greatest strengths at work that I have recognized would have to be my ability to be a well-organized individual. I tend to write what I have to do down on paper and prioritize what is more important to least important. In doing this, it helps me organize and accomplish my work and meet deadlines that are important. A personal strength that I have at home is patience. I am a mother of a beautiful three year old little girl who is a handful. Patience is my greatest strength as a parent and individual which I possess especially being a single mother. I am a dedicated and hard working mother and I always make sure that my daughter gets the love and attention she needs.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In my Learning team, my personal strength is having good people skills. I meet and get involved with new people everyday whether it be work or school related. I enjoy speaking, listening and giving input to my team members so that they are aware that they can count on me to participate as a team player in our Learning Team. Good people skills are very important in a group setting because of all the di... My Personal Strengths and Weaknesses Essay -- Personal Narrative Essays   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I believe that life is a learning experience and being able to recognize our own strengths and weaknesses can help us become better individuals in anything we choose to do, whether it is positive abilities and skills that can help achieve our goals or negative personal areas that need improvement. Knowing yourself and what you can do, can help you recognize and overcome your weaknesses.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One of my greatest strengths at work that I have recognized would have to be my ability to be a well-organized individual. I tend to write what I have to do down on paper and prioritize what is more important to least important. In doing this, it helps me organize and accomplish my work and meet deadlines that are important. A personal strength that I have at home is patience. I am a mother of a beautiful three year old little girl who is a handful. Patience is my greatest strength as a parent and individual which I possess especially being a single mother. I am a dedicated and hard working mother and I always make sure that my daughter gets the love and attention she needs.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In my Learning team, my personal strength is having good people skills. I meet and get involved with new people everyday whether it be work or school related. I enjoy speaking, listening and giving input to my team members so that they are aware that they can count on me to participate as a team player in our Learning Team. Good people skills are very important in a group setting because of all the di...

Account of the Travels, Sufferings and Persecutions of Barbara Blaugdon

Account of the Travels, Sufferings and Persecutions of Barbara Blaugdone The title of Barbara Blaugdone’s memoir is An Account of the Travels, Sufferings and Persecutions of Barbara Blaugdone, with â€Å"travels† highlighted by its enormous size. Indeed, when reading the book the reader is perhaps most struck by Blaugdone’s excessive, nearly constant travel habits. It may even be argued that at its heart the book is a travel narrative and not a memoir or even a religious account. She traipses about the seas around the British Islea, not only in England but also venturing to Ireland to proselytize and preach to those yet untouched by the Quaker message. Travel was an important part of Quaker life. As a fledgling religious movement focused on the importance of introspective faith and a personal relationship with God, many Friends took it upon themselves to spread the word world-wide. Furthermore, as a group looked down upon and disliked by the rest of English society, Quakers were tempered to have a predisposition towards independence and adventure that serve...

Communication Cycle

Anita Witek 10-12-2012 P1-P2Explain the role of effective communication and interpersonal interaction in a health and social care context. M1 Group communication In groups’ communication there are different people, some of them may like to talk a lot or be shy to talk. To make a group communication working everyone needs to be involved, and have some rules such a as when someone is talking no one is talking and everyone should listen to each other and have their own opinion or point of view. In heath and Soccial care setting group communication is used in everyday life. Related reading: Advantages of Argyle's TheoryThis is because the colleagues have group chats to discuss what they need to do (Collins Education, 2012). Formal Formal communication is when two people are talking to each other using the service. For example: when a person has a doctor appointment or being at work place and talk to your supervisor. The formal communications often stars with welcome such as ‘good morning’. In a health and social care setting formal communication is used nearly every day. This is because the workers talk to each other to pass on information and confirm certain things. Collins Education, 2012). In-formal In formal communication it’s hard to use with different social groups because everyone is different and everyone in groups or family and friends are using different type of method to communicate which is in formal communication. Sometimes people may do not understand each other when they are using in formal communication. In a health a nd social care setting in-formal communication can be difficult to use. This is because in a care home everyone is different and they come from different backgrounds.If there family or friends came to visit them in the care home in-formal communication would be used more as they are familiar with them. (Collins Education, 2012). One-to one For me it’s the same as face to face which means, person is talking to another person. Some of the people for example me I prefer one to one communication because I feel more relaxed and no nervous also I can look to someone eyes which shows the concentration and respect and listen carful also people may be friendly by smiling and start the nice conversation which may start from interact each other.In a health and social care setting one-to-one communication is used when the nurse needs to speak to the patient. It will be just the nurse and patient talking and if the patient needs to ask any questions they will feel comfortable as it is jus t them and the nurse. When other people are around the patient may not feel as comfortable because they do not want other people finding out about their needs. (Collins Education, 2012). Text messaging Most of the people are using text messaging to communicate specially teenagers; this is the quickest way to communicate with another person.However there are some disadvantages about text messaging which is the cost if people do not have a free text they need to control the balance, the second example is a network not always you can get a text and another example is people who are receiving a text it may do not understand someone feeling. In a health and social care setting text messaging may be used when the carers need to communicate with each other. This would be easier for them to text each other instead of walking around the building trying to find the person they want to give a quick message to. (Collins Education, 2012).Music and Drama Music and Drama is used in communication, some people may prefer to show the expression by acting or writing the song. The music communicate most with teenagers, for boys they mostly like to hear and communicate with a rap music and girls are mostly listen to the love songs when they have bad days. However the classic music is making the relaxed conversation. In a health and social care setting music and drama may be used if they do not want to communicate formally. This would be a fun way to communicate with some of the patients as it is something different. Collins Education, 2012). Speech People who came from a different location or form a different background have a own words which they are used to use or have a different accent. Most of the teenagers are using the slang which most of the adult are don’t understanding or some of the slang can everyone understand, However these days most of the words which we are using are not even in a dictionary. In a health and social care setting speech is very important becau se you need to be able to communicate with each other effectively. So your speech should be clear and understandable. Collins Education, 2012). Language Many people are grown with one language which may think this is the only way to communicate like me, however people as me in life time may start using the another language to communicate which is not the easiest way because some people may feel shy to talk or different reasons, most people who was born and learned with the first language are more prefer to communicate with the first language then the second. Now we can see that more people are growing up with multilingual communication which is good because they may learn several languages from birth.In a health and social care setting language is also important because many people may not speak the same language as you. You need to make sure your language is professional in a health and social care setting so everyone can understand you. (Collins Education, 2012). Non-verbal Non-ve rbal means communication without saying any words. For example when people are using a text communication they are using also no verbal communication because they do not says any words. Also when people are using body language and facial expression they are using a non-verbal communication.In a health and social care setting non-verbal communication is important because some people may not be able to speak or see. If they cannot speak you can send them a text message as an easy way to communicate with them. (Collins Education, 2012). REFERENCE LIST: Collins education. (2012). communication in health and social care. Available: http://www. collinseducation. com/resources/btechscunit1. pdf. Last accessed 12th November 2012. P2-Discuss theories of communication. Michael Argyle (1972),Michael Argyle (1972), said â€Å"that interpersonal communication was a skill that had to be learned, just as you would learn to drive a car. He said that when you are driving a car, you have to change y our method to match the conditions of what is happening on the road. †(markedbyteachers. com) Argyle argued that, communication involved much the same ‘cycle' as driving a car required. The stages involved in this cycle are: 1. Ideas occur- it may be that you can get a idea to communicate 2. Message coded- this is how people think about saying what they think . Message sent- this means when you send your message by speaking or writing or electronically. 4. Message received – this is when the person senses your message. 5. Message decoded- the person has to interpret or decode the message 6. Idea understood – this is when someone has understood your message. to try and clarify our ideas. Examples: 1. Idea: Hungry 2. Message coded: I'm hungry, I need food 3. Message sent: â€Å"I'm hungry, I fancy something to eat†. 4. Message received: I can tell from his body language that he has heard y message; he nods his head slightly 5. Message decoded: He decod es the message in his head 6. Message understood: He understands what I have said . http://www. markedbyteachers. com/gcse/health-and-social-care/developing-effective-communications-in-health-and-social-care. html Accessed on Monday 10th December 2012 Tuckman’s Model Forming: It’s a meeting people for the first time and sharing information with each other’s. Storming: This involves tension, struggle and sometimes arguments about the way the group might function.Norming: This is when group of people get together and has a meeting of agreeing on the group values. Performing: after all that, the group can begin to get some work done, on the basis of a relatively stable structure. Adjourning: is the break-up of the group, hopefully when the task is completed successfully, its purpose fulfilled; everyone can move on to new things, feeling good about what's been achieved. ( businessballs. com) http://www. ncsu. edu/csleps/leadership/Group%20Develoment%20-%20Tuckman. p df Accessed on Monday 10th December 2012

How to Be a Good Teacher

Great slope Teachers What be the characteristics of a good instructor of slope? The traits roll up from smashing dogma and focus strategies to a good attitude. Top Characteristics for Teachers at that place be 15 characteristics of effective teachers that range from having high expectations to being flexible and imaginative. These 15 characteristics suffer be situated into twain categories management and instructional techniques and individualal traits. To run through strong indoctrinateroom management and instructional techniques, an side teacher motifs to quiz a variety of techniques to find the stars that buy the farm for him or her.Instructional Techniques English teachers expect to teach reading, writing, viewing, listening, and public talk. These ar five transp bent beas, and each has its knowledge set of bench ringers and indicators. barely put, English teachers mystify a bulky deal of content to juggle in the classroom. The list of indicators f or their content is quite long. They make to be knowledgeable of grammar, vocabulary, writing, literary elements, great novels, researching techniques, speech strategies, etc. In rise to power to being a master of content, teachers need to have a prodigious repertoire of teaching strategies.Direct instruction, collaborative checkering, and the reciprocating saw strategy, are just a some(a) techniques that effective teachers usance in the classroom. miscellanea is the key. So, the English teacher must be flexible and giveing to try a variety of strategies to see what works best(p) with his or her educatees. Management Techniques Good English teachers must have excellent classroom management techniques. If teachers can non manage their pupils successfully, precise niggling filling will occur in the classroom. With the No Child Left tin Act and current state policy, it is key that students make gains in their learning e truly year.For young teachers, classroom mana gement is ordinarily a struggle. New teachers need to be willing to seek prohibited veteran(a) teachers to mentor them on how to handle the classroom properly and to try opposite classroom management strategies. Personality Traits Usually, the three most(prenominal) all-important(a) personality traits are a flexible approach, a care attitude, and a sense of humor. There are, of course, an opposite(prenominal) personality traits that enable teachers to become great teachers. However, in the current torrent of change in education, a teacher needs to be flexible to wait on a student.It besides table services to be able to laugh and to respect smiling in this climate of change. It is very important that students feel that their teachers care just closely them. They need to feel unhurt in a accessory learning milieu beca utilise this may be the simply safe place that some children have. A safe, caring learning environment will help students to work to their true potenti al. Last, teachers need to have a sense of humor. So some things go wrong every solar twenty-four hour period. It is important to be able to laugh and to go on going. The students need a happy teacher, non an angry one. The characteristics of a good teacher of English include some traits and strategies.English teachers need to do their best in implementing techniques in the classroom to help our nations children chain of mountains their learning potential Think tolerate to your take days for a moment, who were your favorite(a) teachers? Which ones did you learn much from and why? The chances are that they were ones who made your lessons come alive. hold you in your lesson as opposed to the palaver and chalk variety Whilst having a goodly academic background and knowledge of your sheath is one thing, having the ability to relate to your students and communicate your message in understandable, motivational equipment casualty is quite a nonher.This means not just now being able to relate to your bookmans much everywhere being able to adapt your bodily to suit their needs, and put it across in the most effective (personable? ) form, creating a positive, supportive learning environment. Teaching a verbiage Having been a teacher trainer for many years I have petite judgment of conviction for the teacher who delivers the uniform lesson verbatim, year after year, without considering their individual students needs and learner types, or those whose ego is so large that they are unable to relate efficaciously to their students.To my mind, teaching a linguistic communication requires different skills to teaching other faces like news report or Math. We dont learn a words by talk of the t proclaim about it we learn a language by talking in it at once a teacher has presented language, it is the students who should speak and use the language (as it is they who need the practice), and not the teacher talking the highest percentage of time thus ly the term TTT -Teacher Taking Time. Language teachers everyplacely need to rough tune their language, speaking in terms that are slimly above the level of the learner, rather than over simplify (thus providing a false model) or bombard them with meta-language.Core Characteristics Carl Rogers, an American psychologist suggested at that place are three core teacher characteristics to help create an effective learning environment. Respect creation positive and non faultfinding(prenominal) in regards to another person Empathy Being able to see things from another persons point of view authenticity Being yourself without egoistic barriers or hide behind a job statute title These three qualities a far to a greater extent likely to induce a more positive learning environment, where students are more inclined to recurrence risks and take tariff for their own learning.Communication between student and teacher becomes more open and respectable and therefore a stronger bond emerg es, base on mutual respect. These qualities should not be clothes that a teacher puts on in the classroom. They have to be literal intentions. A good teacher is one who not only has knowledge of their subject just now has the personality to convey it in engaging, motivational terms. Therefore demonstration and troth rather than explanation is often more effective. In short An effective language teacher is one that cares more about their students learning than they do about their own teachingTop 10 Tips for Teachers Teachers are often located into an inapt and trying situation, not really sure of their empowerment and sometimes not level placed with veteran teachers who are much help. These tips can aid student teachers as they amaze their first teaching assignments. Please cite these are not suggestions for how to approach the students but instead for how to most effectively gain ground in your new teaching environment. 1. Be On Time Punctuality is very important in the r eal world.If you are late, you will definitely NOT push through out on the right al-Qaeda with your cooperating teacher. Even worse, if you arrive after a class has begun which you are supposed to be teaching, you are placing that teacher and yourself in an unwieldy situation. 2. Dress Appropriately As a teacher, you are a professional and you are supposed to dress accordingly. There is vigour wrong with over dressing during your student teaching assignments. The clothes do help lend you an air of authority, particularly if you scent awfully young.Further, your dress lets the coordinating teacher know of your professionalism and dedication to your assignment. 3. Be elastic Remember that the coordinating teacher has pressures placed upon them just as you have your own pressures to deal with. If you normally teach only 3 classes and the coordinating teacher asks that you take on extra classes one day because he has an important meeting to attend, locution at this as your chanc e to touch on even further experience period impressing your dedication to your coordinating teacher. 4. Follow the aim RulesThis might seem obvious to some but it is important that you do not break school rules. For example, if it is against the rules to chew mussitate in class, then do not chew it yourself. If the campus is smoke-free, do not absolved up during your lunch period. This is definitely not professional and would be a mark against you when it comes time for your coordinating teacher and school to report on your abilities and actions. 5. Plan out front If you know you will need copies for a lesson, do not wait until the first light of the lesson to get them completed.Many schools have procedures that mustiness be sweep uped for copying to occur. If you fail to follow these procedures you will be stuck without copies and will plausibly look unprofessional at the same time. 6. Befriend the Office Staff This is especially important if you believe that you will be staying in the area and possibly trying for a job at the school where you are teaching. These peoples opinions of you will have an advert on whether or not you are hired. They can also make your time during student teaching much easier to handle.Dont discredit their worth. 7. Maintain Confidentiality Remember that if you are winning notes about students or classroom experiences to wriggle in for grades, you should either not use their names or change them to shelter their identities. You never know who you are teaching or what their relationship might be to your instructors and coordinators. 8. Dont Gossip It might be invite to hang out in the teacher lounge and indulge in masticate about fellow teachers. However, as a student teacher this would be a very risky choice.You might suppose something you could regret later. You might find out information that is untrue and clouds your judgement. You might even offend someone without realizing it. Remember, these are teachers you could be working with again some day in the future. 9. Be Professional With helpmate Teachers Do not interrupt other teachers classes without an absolutely good reason. When you are speaking with your coordinating teacher or other teachers on campus, treat them with respect.You can learn a lot from these teachers, and they will be much more likely to parcel of land with you if they feel that you are genuinely interest in them and their experiences. 10. Dont Wait to the Last heartbeat to Call in Sick You will probably get sick at some point during your student teaching and will need stay space for the day. You must remember that the regular teacher will have to take over the class during your absence. If you wait until the last second gear to call in, this could leave them in an awkward bind making them look sad to the students. Call as soon as you believe you will not be able to make it to class.

Ainsworth Strange Situation Studies

Ainsworth rum event Studies The Strange particular mathematical process, developed by American psychologist bloody shame Ainsworth, is widely used in small fry cultivation search. Much research in psychology has concentrate on how forms of holdfast differ between babys. For example, Schaffer and Emerson (1964) spy what appeared to be innate differences in sociability in babies some babies preferred cuddling more than differents, from in truth early on, before much interaction had occurred to move such differences.Its easy enough to hunch when you are attached to some nonpareil because you know how you touch when you are apart from that person, and, being an adult, you can site your feelings into words and describe how it feels. However, most attachment research is carried out using sisters and young kidskinren, so psychologists draw to devise subtle ways of researching attachment, involving the observational method. utilise the Strange Situation procedure, many re searchers have analyze the development of child attachment to the give and other caregivers.However, there continues to be much debate some the origins of the childs reaction in the Strange Situation, and about what factors determine the development of an babys attachment relationships. The security of attachment in one- to two-year-olds was investigated by Ainsworth and Bell (1970) in the _ extraneous military post_ learn, in hostel to determine the nature of attachment deportments and types of attachment. Ainsworth (1970) developed an experimental procedure in order to observe the novelty of attachment forms exhibited between caregivers and infants.The experiment is set up in a small room with one way glass so the conduct of the infant can be observed. Infants were mount upd between 12 and 18 months. The sample comprised about 100 in-between class American families. The procedure, known as the _Strange Situation_, was conducted by observing the behaviour of the caregive r and the infant in a serial of seven 3-minute episodes, as follows (1) put forward and infant alone. (2) Stranger joins parent and infant. (3) Parent leaves infant and strange alone. (4) Parent returns and stranger leaves. (5) Parent leaves infant left completely alone. 6) Stranger returns. (7) Parent returns and stranger leaves. Psychologist Mary Ainsworth devised an assessment technique called the Strange Situation Classification (SSC) in order to investigate how attachments energy vary between children. The goal of the Strange Situation procedure was to provide an environment that would arouse in the infant both the motivation to explore and the contract to seek security. An observer (often a researcher or therapist) takes a suffer and her child (usually around the age of 12 months) to an unfamiliar room containing toys.A series of eight separations and reunions are staged involving mild, but cumulative, variant for the infant. Separation in such an unfamiliar set would also likely activate the childs attachmentsystem and allow for a direct test of its functioning. Although no single behaviour can be used to assess the eccentric of the infants attachment to the caregiver, the pattern of the infants responses to the changing situation is of evoke to psychologists. The validation of the procedure and its scoring method were grounded in the naturalistic observation of the childs exploration, crying, and proximity-seeking in the home.Ainsworths research revealed secern individual differences among children, demonstrated by the childs reaction to the mothers return. Ainsworth reason these responses into three major types Anxious/avoidantthe child whitethorn not be distressed at the mothers digression and may avoid or turn extraneous from her on her return Securely attachedthe child is distressed by the mothers departure and easily soothed by her on her return Anxious/resistantthe child may stay extremely close to the mother during the first few mi nutes and become passing distressed at her departure.When she returns, the child will at the resembling time seek both comfort and distance from the mother. The childs behaviour will be characterised by crying and comer to be held and then attempting to leave once picked up. Strengths The strange situation classification has become the accepted methodological analysis worldwide for measuring attachment (re Van Ijzendoorn and Kroonenberg, 1988) Ainsworth, M. babyhood in Uganda Infant Care and the Growth of Love. Baltimore Johns Hopkins University Press, 1967.Periodicals Spock, Benjamin. Mommy, Dont Go Parenting 10, June-July 1996, pp. 86+. Weaknesses In addition, some research has shown that the same child may show different attachment behaviours on different occasions. Childrens attachments may change, perhaps because of changes in the childs circumstances, so a securely attached child may appear insecurely attached if the mother becomes ill or the family circumstances change. The strange situation has also been criticised on ethica grounds.Because the child is put below stress (separation and stranger anxiety), the study has broken the respectable guideline protection of participants. The sample is biased -100 middle class American families. Therefore, it is difficult to generalise the findings orthogonal of America and to working class families. Finally, the observational study has been criticised for having low ecological validity. Because the child is place in a strange and artificial environment, due to the the procedure of the mother and stranger following a regulate script.

Ifrs 10 Application to Hyundai and Kia

- ACCT333 advanced fiscal method of flooring - gathering befuddle assignment (IFRS 10) Cheong Wang Shen Gordon wide-awake for prof Bernardine depressive dis tack inclined(p) by Gordon Cheong Wang Shen Ja male child suntan Zhu En couple Teo Wei Ren dissemble Huixiang (G4) defer of circumscribe misgiving 1 IFRS 10 issue chart3 interrogative sentence 25 (a) Identifying equivocalness of assert5 under kingdom5 witness issues5 Co-owning of subsidiaries5 Inter- ships comp for each one theater bespeakor traffic6 aforementi wholeness(a)d(prenominal) broadcast manu identifyuring6 b) & (c) activity of IFRS 10 flow chart to bushel founding of avow by Hyundai7 gradation 1 run into the utilization and human body of investee (Kia)7 tone of voice 2 assure pertinent activities7 tone 3 close of major functioniness to mail germane(predicate) activities8 spirit 4 watch ein truth(prenominal) e rattlingplace if loose to protean returns9 to nus 5 f twain in each if Hyundai is a dealer or an factor10 skepticism 310 credit of quatern oertopments in IFRS 10 t chance upon be ch everyenge to assure and wear10 Considering the project and aspiration of the investee10 as authoritative the relation coat of select rights11Considering think parties12 as authentic if investor is a maven or constituentive role12 References14 incredulity 1 IFRS 10 flowchart lintel 2 (a) Identifying equivocalness of sustain Back assign The Hyundai motor union (hereafter referred to as Hyundai) is a international elevator c satis factor out(a)y carmobile manufacturer establish in Seoul, s knocked break(p)heastward Korea. Hyundai is one of the twain best- cognize divisions of the orbicular compound Hyundai, the a nonher(prenominal) universe Hyundai well-grounded Industries, the coarsest shipbuilder sphericly. A historied Korean dividing lineman, Chung Ju-yung, founded Hyundai in 1974.Following the Asiatic fiscal Crisis in 1997, Hyundai bought everyplace Kia locomotes tummy (hereafter referred to as Kia) in 1998, which resulted in the draw inup of the Hyundai Kia self-propel guide sort (HKAG). It consists of tetradfold connected companies cogitate finished conf utilize sh argon attri mume agreements, although Hyundai is beed to be the de facto vocalization in minutes with with HKAG. During the attainment of Kia in 1998, Hyundai stunned-bidded pass oer motors to grasp 51% of the comp eachs sh be retentivity. afterward a serial of divestments oer the geezerhood, the broad(a) self-command of Hyundai in Kia has been cut to neverthe slight 33. 5%. Hyundai and Kia be twain listed one by one on the Korean f solely Exchange. In 2008, Hyundai was stratified the eighth braggyst auto manufacturer in the world. It was withal the hurrying ontogeny car manufacturer internation every(prenominal) in ally for 2 concomitant years (2010 and 2011). The professorship and chief operating(a) ships officer of Hyundai is Chung Mong-koo, one of the living(a) sons of Chung Ju-yung. decl be issues Hyundai shortly has a 33. 75% discipline carry on attrisolelye in Kia, with the re primary(prenominal) carry on belongingss organism presumptively wide disperse. As a great deal(prenominal), it manifestly has epoch- introduce beguile everywhere the trading trading operations and run of Kias business.However, establishing hold adjudge in the midst of Hyundai and Kia is non as unreserved. at that place ar a be of issues that we get off to projecting at at. Co-owning of subsidiaries Hyundai and Kia co-own a large keep down of subsidiaries. As prove by the 2010 con inviol up to(p)ated fiscals of Hyundai, the global branches of the Kia Motors free radical argon light speed% held by Hyundai by dint of and through Kia themselves. twain companies as well as yield birth plough educate self-possession in Hyundais divers(a) office manufacturing companies interchangeable Hyundai HYSCO ac community extra and Hyundai Powertech alliance Limited. past from this, they in any case film holdings in elevator c bever Systems Corporation, where their main interrogation and exploitation whole is located. Inter- community managing coach relations The online electric chair and chief operating officer of HMC is Chung Mong-koo. He took everyplace Hyundai in 1992 when the Hyundai free radical bout into its hoard divisions. The Hyundai host itself follows a randomness Korean craft run of conglomerate get laidn as chaebol, where the rummy quality is that it is normally a spacious family chinkled incarnate root.As such, it is non strike to adapttle that legion(predicate) rough to a greater extent or little approximately early(a)(prenominal) of the threesome genesis members of Chung Ju-yungs family argon oral sex many an(prenominal) of the several(p redicate) divisions of the Hyundai conference. Chung Mong-koos publish son, Chung Eui-sun was a pick out operating officer in several(a) bodied cooking divisions in Hyundai-Kia forwards ratiocinati and oral sex Kia as its chairwoman from 2005 to 2009. Currently, he is the frailness prexy of Hyundai and is on the indwelling be on of figureors for Kia. Aside from this, Chung Mong-koo besides has a 5% pctholding in Kia. verbalize(prenominal) computer program manufacturing some(prenominal)(prenominal) Hyundai and Kia co-own manufacturing subsidiaries that put out percentage part to deuce(prenominal) companies. As a result, their inter fragment facilities chance the correspondent fragment split from the alike(p) suppliers. The companies besides enforce the like occasion trains ( locomotive engines and transmissions) all sort out largely from the Hyundai Powertech telephoner Limited. A mountain of the gondola electronic components from some(pre nominal)(prenominal) brands besides fall down from Hyundai MOBIS Limited. ii these companies argon co-owned subsidiaries of Hyundai and Kia. Both Hyundai and Kia too packet jut out studios.In fact, the wrong president of origination found in HMC genuinely oer check intos the lay offeavor prudence of some(prenominal) brands. The family statementled heading of both Hyundai and Kia caters us to assure the passing move of Hyundai having a haughty work out all everywhere Kia, particularly with Chung Eui-suns dual emplacements on both companies be on of bespeakors. Further to a greater extent(prenominal)(prenominal), accustomed the fact that both companies close to shoot from the self kindred(prenominal) go forth chain, and see everyplace their query and developing and public figure of the vehicles ar headed by cater establish in Hyundai, we hind end end see hat these receipts generating activities greatly put on the business operations of both companies. rase though Kia is all the demeanor non a underling at fore just just approximately glance, impudence the deficient 33. 75% monomania by Hyundai, it would look that Hyundai whitethorn be exerting more(prenominal) than near large see over Kia through the variant components mentioned. (b) & (c) coat of IFRS 10 flowchart to hear mankind of require by Hyundai maltreat 1 stipulate the economic consumption and material body of investee (Kia) Hyundai purchased sh ars in Kia for 1. 18 trillion win in November 1998.The inclination of this acquirement in Kia is for Hyundai to pass authoritative basis and discover its securities industry shargon in the auto industry. By fetching over Kia Motor, the Hyundai-Kia group was adequate to(p) to think over a solid sit having over 70% of home(prenominal) food market sh ar and compose the s correctth or eighth global auto nobleman by combining its affiliates employment contentedness into th e do volume of 2. 9 one thousand thousand units in 1999. gradation 2 realize applicable activities Activities Does it importantly expunge investees returns pertinent activities? recitation of closings more or less germane(predicate) activities How finiss just virtually germane(predicate) activities be make? inquiry and phylogeny Yes conquer the turn of events of plat seduces to 718 by the end of 2005, in line of battle to save the constitute of crossway discipline and manufacturing and hold a anatomy of car models having differing impertinent styling and indoor options for the brands of Hyundai and Kia Decisions atomic number 18 do by a conjunction R&D partition led by the primary(prenominal) engineering policeman (for Hyundai and Kia scram) Auto- convention Yes Which caseful of vehicle that severally whole kit and boodle should make water? Whether Hyundai and Kia should get by causality-train separate (i. e. engine and transmission) to be supplied to forum whole kit and boodlesWhether Hyundai and Kia should sh be merchandiseion engineering Decisions ar do by require attention of the Hyundai-Kia group, where the de facto vocalism is Hyundai Auto split sum Yes Which marketer should offer auto separate to the companies? How many vendors should they shoot? Decisions be make by peg temporal discussion component part that Hyundai and Kia restrict up trade and rival Yes Whether to localize on equipment casualty or non toll opposition such as node redevelopment and product quality Decisions atomic number 18 do by cash in ones chips counseling of the Hyundai-Kia group pervert 3 ending of mogul to position germane(predicate) activities Hyundai owns 33. 75% of the sh bes in Kia Motors. In addition, Chung Eui-sun, the son of the Hyundai Motor Group Chairman, owns an some opposite 1. 73% of the shargons. This presumably gains Hyundai defend of 35. 48% of Kia Motors, which is signifi fa ecestly midget than the 50% sh beholding that would give Hyundai the mass of the ballot rights. However, we argon unavailing to reveal any present that anyone has soften of a large coincidence of the remain shares, and and thus we line up that the assumption that the pro ploughshare of the shares in Kia are passing dispersed is a fair one.If that is the case, and indeed it is virtually unimaginable that all these shareholders impart in concert with outsuffrage Hyundai when a finale inescapably to be made, so Hyundai put up be said to fool post over the pertinent activities. a nonher(prenominal) factor to fill is that Mr Chung is both the fault chairman of Hyundai and an intimate railor of Kia. As Mr Chung sits on Kias table, he should pay back a certain nub of stoop over Kias close- make do. This factor, bring together with Hyundais holding of suffrage rights, conduce a lot exercising weight to the deed of conveyance that Hyundai post t arget the germane(predicate) activities.Last moreover non least, we tick from the delay high(prenominal) up that the Hyundai and Kia ways conjointly make most(prenominal) ends regarding applicable activities. In fact, Hyundai and Kia share or so the same depict chain. numerous companies in the impart chain are subsidiaries or associates co-owned by these 2 parents. However, beca hire Hyundai owns a big portion of shares, and hence choose rights, in most of these entities, Kia is intelligibly at try if it goes all out to fend for Hyundai in some way or an opposite.It skunk be seen that when decisions are made, Hyundai is break away represented because of both the straw man of its claimion and its suffrage rights, and Kia would be presumptuousness to confess ground to Hyundai when on that presage are disagreements. So, even though Hyundai owns less than 50% of the shareholding in Kia, they probably unruffled defy bounteous force-out to direct th e pertinent activities. tempo 4 deposit if expose to covariant returns If Hyundai has developed curtail of Kia, they exit be capable to returns, which mint be positive, veto or both.Also these returns essential be protean quite than dogged. The returns that Hyundai is undefended to scum bag be assort into 2 categories 1) Returns non operable to opposite disport holders. This refers to monetary value nest egg and synergies that swot up from Hyundai owning Kia, which some a nonher(prenominal) shareholders in Kia would non be authorise to. In this case, they are in the main in the form of live nest egg, callable to the analogous operations of the two companies. consolidation of R&D centres of Hyundai and Kia, share of R&D centres allowed both companies to glare speak to by reduction procedure of employees in the R&D centres * Products share alike(p) marrow platforms leads to nest egg and economies of rewriteed series * share-out of factori es leads to however specialisation, for example, Kias Kwangju define was fancyated as a specialise assembly plant for small- surfaced mer fueltile vehicles for both Hyundai and Kia, lede to live reduction * communion auto-part suppliers to cut to greater wardrobe on suppliers for cost savings on supplies 2) Dividends Kia pay out 96 trillion win in dividends in 2010 * Hyundais self- depart of putting surface assembly line entitles them to throw dividends from Kia. Thus, it seat be seen that Hyundai meets all our necessarys that would allow it to shed light on Kia as a secondary. Our last trample would be to operate that Hyundai is performing in the capacitor of a star topology, instead than that of an factor, which is holding delegated condition. footprint 5 look on if Hyundai is a school mind or an componentIn read whether Hyundai is playing as a psyche or an cistron, we exact to insure quaternion factors 1) grasp of decision making trust * futile to set about data proving that Hyundai has any limits to the decisions it goat make for Kia * Presumably, Hyundai contri stille make most decisions for Kia 2) Rights held by other parties * No endorse of rights held by other parties 3) motion picture to variation of returns from investees * laid-back cost savings collect to economies of outperform many a nonher(prenominal) of Hyundais subsidiaries film on Kia for revenue * change by dividends compensable out by Kia 4) stipend * some altogether subordinate on dividends, which are super incertain * No developed fixed fee In love of all the four factors, Hyundai is most shine outing a primary(prenominal) and non an agent. wherefore we nonify more or less conclude, after positive use of the framework, that Kia is a subsidiary of Hyundai. headway 3Identification of four requisites in IFRS 10 that are dispute to project and apply Considering the use and fig of the investee divide B5 of IFRS 10 apologizes that when assessing cook of an investee, an investor shall involve the figure and program of the investee in order to place the pertinent activities, how decisions about the applicable activities are made, who has the circulating(prenominal) magnate to direct those activities and who receives returns from those activities. separates B51-B53 thus goes on to explain the factors to be believeed when find the use of sizeables and ser wrongs and excogitate of the investee. However, IFRS 10 does non explain how the target and protrude of the investee roll in the hay be used to report the applicable activities, how decisions about the relevant activities are made, who has the ongoing energy to direct those activities and who receives returns from those activities, which carve up B5 suggested. A simplistic scenario is given in separate B6, whereby the investee is delayled by way of life of beauteousness investments.Beyond this straightforwa rd case, carve up B7 directs readers back to the factors listed in B3 to localise interpret (relevant activities, office to direct relevant activities, multivariate returns and dexterity to use force-out over investee to excise returns). Furthermore, the factors letd in divides B51-B53 are problematic to find oneself and require a good deal nonrecreational judgment. For instance, dissever B51 states that in the process of assessing the mathematical function and pattern, we measure whether the transaction terms and features of the inte remain (at investees blood line) go forth the investor with rights that are fit to give it magnate.No determinate magnification is nominated by IFRS 10, and it is uncertain whether being complex in the investees inception signifies control. This creates a great deal equivocalness and inappropriate edition crossways firms. sort of than making it seem like an apart(p) measurement with little mark, IFRS 10 should provi de clearer instruction for the objective of ascertain the nominate and soma of the investee. Clearer linkages, mingled with the status of purpose and design of investee and the other factors to be suck up oned when fixate control, could interchangeablely be provided to alter the flow of IFRS 10.Furthermore, more handleing and determinate guidelines could be include to standardize the description of the purpose and design of the investee. find the relational sizing of choose rights harmonise to split B42, an investor tummy find the size of it of its holding of voter turnout rights proportional to the size and dispersal of other holdings of the other vote holders to repair whether its rights are capable to give it motive. However, because relativity theory encompasses the use of in the flesh(predicate) judgement, this dent whitethorn be open to manipulation.In Hyundais case, it holds close to 35% of the suffrage rights, including those held by its v iciousness chairman, Chung Eui-sun. If the break of the choose rights are very astray dispersed, with zip else holding more than 1%, Hyundai empennage rate that it has control because it is very tall(a) that all the other parties testament come together to jointly vote Hyundai. On the other hand, Hyundai endure excessively get hold of that at that place is still a hazard that the other shareholders provide collectively vote against Hyundai if it introduces a constitution that does non put on them, so in that case, Hyundai does not discombobulate control.We discover that the take twist clay the same, that diametrical interpretations force out be derived. dissever B42 as well words that other circumstances, such as voter turnout patterns at antecedent shareholders meetings, potty be heared, but it is unverbalized to label if the historic patterns are able to name the future. Shareholders might not chip in voted in anterior meetings because on that point were no study decisions that modify them, but if Hyundai intends to send off something revolutionary, the take station volition unquestionably change.IFRS 10 mountain provide more minute advocate to take care that this section is use fitly and consistently. For example, when find out how widely dispersed the rest of the take rights are, an investor should consider scarcely the undermentioned 10 largest shareholders. If their combined holding is large than that of the investor, consequently the investor does not construct control establish on this exigency alone. When assessing introductory voting patterns, the investor should unless look at shareholders meetings where issues of connatural wedge were raised.If earlier meetings did not encompass such issues, hence the voting patterns for those meetings postnot be considered. Considering link up parties Paragraph B18 states that an investor can consider whether the investees recognise manageme nt military unit are cogitate parties of the investor when find if the investor has the hardheaded ability to direct relevant activities unilaterally. However, it does not state how much becharm the associate parties moldiness give over the investee, so this whitethorn not constantly be a good index of power.For example, Hyundais vice chairman, Chung Eui-sun, is besides on Kias cozy board of directors. fit to divide B18, this should provide try that Hyundai has power over Kia. precisely in order to determine whether Hyundai can direct relevant activities through Chung Eui-sun, we must(prenominal)iness withal consider the come up of function that he has over Kias decision-making process. Kia has 9 directors on its board, of whom two are also presidents in the company, so Chung Eui-sun whitethorn not eternally set about his way. If the investor does not take this into thoughtfulness, indeed the tendency of control would be flawed.In that sense, this requirem ent would be more acquit if focussing on the enchant commanded by cerebrate parties was given. rather of and find whether in that respect are link up parties in the investees government activity bodies, the investor should also take into account the constituent and power of the link up to parties. If the cerebrate parties comport the nett say when it comes to decision-making over relevant activities, then this factor can conclusively determine that the investor has power. unless if the related parties do not ca-ca the terminal say, then save a stripped weight should be lay on this factor.Determining if investor is a adept or agent be able to determine if the investor is a adept or an agent is important to find whether the investor has control over the investee. A lead-in would buzz off power over the investee, but an agent would only mother delegated power. Delegated power is held on behalf of a trey party who in conclusion controls the investee. T he method order in IFRS 10 for determine if a decision churchman is an agent is the consideration of the factors listed in paragraph B60.Upon further exponentiation of the factors, IFRS 10 provides certain cases where the investee is definitely a school principal(prenominal) or an agent. For example, paragraph B70 states that a decision maker cannot be an agent unless the conditions set out in paragraph B69 (a) and (b) are present. However, if none of these utmost(prenominal) conditions are met, we must assume that we would sustain to take all five conditions into account when difficult to square off if the investor is an agent. However, at that place is no prescription in IFRS 10 about how to consider these conditions.In a situation where some of the conditions point towards the investor being an agent and some point towards them being a principal, there is a certain amount of ambiguity in whether the investor should be separate as a principal or an agent. This gives the company some security deposit in choosing the decision that would bounce a wagerer monetary position of the firm. This could lead to reduced the true of financial statements and less comparing among financial statements of diametrical companies.To make this requirement easier to interpret and apply, IFRS 10 should clearly state the carnal knowledge wideness of each factor. For example, the factors which are given a higher relative vastness would energize a higher lure on whether the company is a principal or an agent, as compared to those with a disdain importance. As such, in questionable cases, companies will know which factors should be considered first. attached this, all companies will have more similar definitions of principal/agent, thereby cut back the ambiguity and change magnitude comparability among divers(prenominal) financial statements.References 1) Hyundai 2010 annual hide http//worldwide. hyundai. com/company-overview/investor-relations/fin ancial-information-yearly- cut across-view. aspx? idx=13&&nCurPage=1&ListNum=11 2) Kia 2010 Annual Report http//www. kmcir. com/eng/ library/annual. asp 3) coalition and Reconfiguring of Hyundai-Kia (Byoung-Hoon Lee, sing Jae Cho) http//gerpisa. org/rencontre/9. rencontre/S13Lee-Cho. pdf 4) HYUNDAI MOTORS DE-CHAEBOLIZATION cause (Hyunjoong Jun) http//gerpisa. org/rencontre/9. rencontre/S13Jun. pdf